What is the primary use of propolis in a beehive?

Propolis serves as a sticky substance used by bees to seal gaps, cracks, and openings in the hive. This natural resinous material is collected from tree buds, sap flows, and other botanical sources and is mixed with beeswax and saliva to create a substance that has antimicrobial properties. By sealing the hive, propolis helps maintain a stable internal environment, protects against predators, and prevents disease by limiting the entry of pathogens.

In addition to its sealing capabilities, propolis also contributes to the structural integrity of the hive and can be used to smooth rough surfaces. It has various uses within the colony that support the overall health and safety of the hive, making it essential for sustaining a thriving bee community.