What has been noted as a consequence of Varroa mite infestations?

The correct choice highlights a significant impact of Varroa mite infestations on honey bee populations. Varroa mites attach themselves to bees and feed on their bodily fluids, weakening individual bees and making them more susceptible to diseases. This parasitic interaction can lead to various issues, one of the most concerning being the development of resistance among honey bees.

As honey bee colonies experience continual exposure to the stress and diseases spread by Varroa mites, some bees may develop resistance traits over time. However, this resistance is not uniform across all populations and can lead to challenges in managing bee health. In response to the pressure from these mites, beekeepers are often forced to implement various management strategies, which may not always be effective.

The other outcomes listed, such as improved hive health and increased honey production, are typically not associated with Varroa infestations. In fact, these mites are well-documented as a key factor in declining bee health and reduced honey yields. Similarly, while a reduction in hive populations can be a direct consequence of intense infestations, the resistance issues are increasingly noted as a critical component in discussions surrounding the long-term viability and management of honey bee colonies impacted by these pests.