What does the term "race of honey bee" refer to?

The term "race of honey bee" specifically refers to an informal term for subspecies that possess distinct traits, such as behavior, color, and adaptability. In beekeeping, these subspecies are recognized for their unique characteristics, which can influence factors such as honey production, disease resistance, and temperament.

For example, some well-known races of honey bees include the Italian, Carniolan, and Caucasian bees, each with specific traits that may make them more suited to certain environments or management practices. This terminology helps beekeepers identify and select bees that will thrive in their specific geographical regions or meet their particular needs.

Recognizing that "race" in this context does not imply a formal classification system or established breeding technique allows for a more intuitive understanding of the diversity within honey bee populations. Therefore, the correct choice emphasizes this practical understanding of subspecies in relation to their observable traits, rather than a rigid categorization.